REPEATERS
Repeaters regenerate incoming signals.
Repeaters work at the physical layer of the OSI model.
Repeaters can be into two categories
Amplifiers:-- simply amplify the signal.
Signal re generators :-- strip out the
original signal which has weakened.
HUB
A hub
joins multiple computers (or other network devices) together to form a single
network segment.
A hub
includes a series of ports that each accept a network cable.
Larger
hubs contain 8, 12, 16 and even 24 ports.
NETWORK INTERFACE CARD
•Amplifies
electronic signals
•Packages
data for transmission
•Physically
connects computer to transmission media (cable)
BRIDGES
•Bridges
have all the features of a repeater.
•They
function at the Data Link layer of the OSI model.
SWITCHES
A switch is a small device
that joins multiple computers together.
They function at the Data
Link layer of the OSI model.
ROUTERS
Routers
is used in wide area networks which often connect networks using different
communication protocols and different addressing schemes.
They
function at the Network layer of the OSI model.
Routing Protocols
Routing protocols are used
between routers to determine paths and maintain routing tables.
Eg: RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF.
Routing Protocol Evolution
RIP
•Distance vector
•Most common IGP
•Uses hop count
IGRP
•Distance vector
•Developed by Cisco
EIGRP
•Hybrid protocol
•Developed by Cisco
•Merges benefits of link state & distance vector
OSPF
•Link state
•Successor to RIP
•Uses least-cost routing, multipath routing, and load
balancing
Distance Vector
Hybrid
Link State
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